# Mounting partitions with systemd

I had a problem: every time my Windows have a big update, it locks a specific partition that I use to share files between Windows and Linux. After the update, I wasn't able to boot Linux again, as fstab could not mount it.

To avoid using a pen drive or booting any other way just to get my Linux working again, I removed the partition from fstab.

It worked, but I didn't want to manually mount it on every boot. Worst than that: Dropbox app synchronize on that partition. It means that on every single boot it raised an error message that my files were moved. It was definitely not a good way to solve it.

My new solution: create a script to mount the partition and run it at boot. Any error here would not stop my Linux from booting and I would still have it working by the time I logged in after boot. But, where is the best place to run a root script at startup? Of course, systemd! A simple service running a script should do the trick.

Well, with a simple search I found out something even better: systemd can mount partitions using systemd.mount!


## How to mount a partition with systemd

To keep it simple, I am going to explain, step by step, the basic usage of systemd.mount with only the options I used myself.

1. Create a .mount file on /etc/systemd/system/ (I will get back at this point later, for now, just use any name for the file)

2. Inside the file you should specify the following attributes:

* Description= A description of your mount script
* What= The partition that will be mounted
* Where= Directory where the partition will be mounted
* Type= The partition file type (ext4, ntfs, fat32 etc)
* Options= Mount options
* WantedBy= or RequiredBy= Unit dependencies. It's used by the enable and disable commands of the systemctl

3. Now comes the tricky part: you have to name your .mount file accordingly with your Where= statement. So to mount it on /run/media/bruno/Multimedia you have to name it run-media-bruno-Multimedia.mount

4. It's time to test it:

```
    $ systemctl daemon-reload
    $ systemctl start run-media-bruno-Multimedia.mount
```

    To check the unit status, you can run systemctl status run-media-bruno-Multimedia.mount

    If everything is working fine, just enable it: systemctl enable run-media-bruno-Multimedia.mount and you are good to go.


## My mount script

```
/etc/systemd/system/run-media-bruno-Multimedia.mount

    [Unit]
    Description=Mount Multimedia out of fstab

    [Mount]
    What=/dev/disk/by-label/Multimedia
    Where=/run/media/bruno/Multimedia
    Type=ntfs
    Options=defaults

    [Install]
    WantedBy=multi-user.target
```


## Explaining the attributes

### Description=
Just a description of you .mount script.

### What=
The partition itself. You can specify it by name, path or UUID.

Examples:

* /dev/sdb2
* /dev/disk/by-label/Multimedia
* /dev/disk/by-uuid/bcebcc2e-3a07-48d8-bd3c-e4eaf98fafc5

### Type=
The easiest one after description: the file type of the partition. If you are trying to mount a Windows partition, it will probably be ntfs. If it is a Linux partition, it will probably be ext4.

### Options=
Partition options, the same used on fstab.

### WantedBy=
I used multi-user.target to start in multi-user runlevel.

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